AISI P20 steel plate and round bars materials are forged at 1093°C (2000°F) down to 899°C (1650°F). Forging below 871°C (1600°F) is not recommended for these steels’ P20 material.
6. Heat Treatment of Tool Steel P20 material.
- Stress Relieving.
Preheating: Because mold steel P20 steel plate is sold in a pre-hardened condition, hardening heat treatment is not necessary.
After machining and intermittently during service, the steel must be thermally stress relieved by heating to 900ºF (482ºC), equalizing and holding for one hour per inch (25.4mm) of thickness, and cooling in air to ambient temperature.
In those rare circumstances where the AISI steel P20 must be re-hardened, the steel must first be annealed prior to hardening.
- Hardening.
Critical Temperature: Ac1: 1405ºF (763ºC)
Preheating of P20 metal: Heat at a rate not exceeding 400ºF per hour (222ºC per hour) to 1150-1250ºF (621-677ºC) and equalize.
- Austenitizing (High Heat)
Heat rapidly from the preheat to 1550ºF (843°C).
Soak for 30 minutes for the first inch (25.4mm) of thickness, plus 15 minutes for each additional inch (25.4mm).
- Quenching.
Pressurized gas, or interrupted oil to 150-125ºF (66-51ºC).
For oil, quench until black, at about 900°F (482°C), then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C).
- Tempering
P20 tool steels are tempered at 482-593°C (900 to 1100°F) for a Rockwell C hardness of 37 to 28.
- Annealing
Annealing for AISI P20 tool steels takes place at 760-788°C (1400 to 1450°F) and then the steels are cooled slowly in the furnace at a temperature less than 4°C (40°F) per hour.
7. Applications of P20 Steel Plate or Bar
P20 tool steels are used for low-temperature applications that include injection molds and die casting dies. Main applications of P20 steel plate and bar:
Plastic moulds, die holders, backers, frames for plastic pressure dies, hydroforming mold tools.
bolsters die holders.
Also suitable for other applications such as rails, shafts and wear strips.
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